Home > Market Research > Handsets & Devices > GPS Mobile Phones: the Privacy and Regulatory Issues

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Market Study
Published: February 2008
Pages: 80
Tables: For full details, please email keithw@cmsinfo.com
From: GBP 999.00   Buy Now!
Research from: ARCchart
Sector: Handsets & Devices

Annual shipments of GPS-enabled phones will grow rapidly over the period 2008-2012. ARCchart predicts that by 2012, GPS phones will account for 37% of all shipments (535 million).The number of users of mobile location services accessed via GPS phones is also expected to grow strongly. ARCchart predicts that by 2012 the worldwide user base of the most popular location-enabled services, navigation and mobile social networking, will reach 150 and 127 million respectively. This growth in the availability of handset location information (LI) raises many questions about the degree to which users can be protected from potential abuses of their LI.

In this report, ARCchart examines the market for GPS phones, location finding techniques, legal and regulatory implications of GPS phones and technologies available for managing location privacy. ARCchart’s analysis of the emerging LBS market reveals that there is a potential for serious abuses of location privacy in cases where the use of location information has not been adequately regulated.

Topics of coverage include:
-A review of positioning technologies that allow handsets to be located
-Descriptions of the main types of LBS applications: personal security, navigation, education & gaming, enterprise, -social networking, commerce and Government
-Analysis of the legal, regulatory and technological mechanisms available for the protection of location privacy
-Examination of existing government regulation in selected countries/regions
-Discussion of various industry initiatives and codes of practice
-Recommendations for regulators, operators and LBS providers to ensure protection of personal location information
-Forecasts for annual GPS phone shipment and total installed base of GPS handsets
-Forecast for user numbers of the main types of LBS applications

Companies and organisations mentioned, discussed or reviewed include:

3 UK
Argyll Telecom
BlueSky Positioning
Cellfire
CityNeo
CTIA (US)
European Commission (EC)
European Space Agency
FCC
followGB
FollowUS
Global Locate
Google
Helio
Infineon
KDDI
LG
MeetMoi
Microsoft
Ministry of Information and Industry (China)
Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (Japan)
Mobile Commerce
Mobile Marketing Association
Mobiqa
Motorola
Navizon
Network in Motion
NeuStar
Nokia
O2
OECD
Ofcom (UK)
Open Geospatial Consortium
Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)
Openwave
Orange
Orbis
Ordnance Survey
PCCW Directories
Qualcomm
RealReplay
Shozu
Skyhook
Sprint Nextel
Symbian
TCS
Tele Atlas
TeleNav
TI
The Location Company
The Shroud
Trueposition
UpGrade InTouch
Verisign
Verizon
Vodafone
WaveMarkets
WeatherBug

Answers and opinions are provided with respect to the following essential questions:

-How will GPS handset volumes grow over the coming years?
-What is the significance of active and passive location services?
-How is handset location accuracy set to evolve?
-Why is it important that location privacy regulation is not restricted to operators?
-What are the location applications which have the biggest implications for privacy?
-How is E911, E112, eCall and ELRS affecting the GPS phone market?
-What are the techniques for managing location privacy?
-How effective has industry self-regulation been?
-Why should a piecemeal approach to regulation be avoided?

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents
A. INTRODUCTION TO GPS PHONES 1
A.1 Introduction 1
A.2 Drivers for GPS phones 1
E911 . 1
E112 and eCall 2
Privacy 2
A.3 How GPS works 3
Technical features. 3
GPS Ephemeris and Almanac 3
C/A code . 4
P(Y) code 4
Navigation Message. 4
Differential GPS (DGPS) 5
A.4 Future GPS developments 5
IIR-M and IIF. 5
GPS III 5
A.5 Other GPS-type networks 6
Galileo. 6
Galileo navigation systems. 6
GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) . 7
QZSS - Japan . 7
Compass - China . 7
IRNSS - India 8
A.6 Cellular location technologies 8
A.7 Assisted GPS 10
GPS Mobile Phones: the Privacy and Regulatory Issues
A-GPS standards 11
Cellular/A-GPS hybrids 12
A.8 Other location techniques 12
Cell tower databases . 12
Wi-Fi location finding 13
RFID and Bluetooth . 13
A.9 GPS receiver design 13
Qualcomm gpsOne 14
Single chip GPS from TI 14
Global Locate and Infineon 14
GPS SIM from BlueSky Positioning . 14
A.10 GPS phone examples 14
Examples of specialist GPS ‘phones’. 15
A.11 Handset implementations of LBS 17
Java 17
Windows Mobile 17
Symbian 18
BREW. 18
Browser. 18
A.12 Network location platforms 18
Open Location Standards 18
Examples of location platform products . 20
B. PRIVACY IMPLICATIONS FOR COMMON LBS APPLICATIONS . 22
B.1 Market background for LBS 22
B.2 Active and passive services 23
B.3 Abuse of location information 23
B.4 Personal security 24
Roadside Assistance . 24
Weather Warning 25
Child Finders. 25
E 911 /E112 26
GPS Mobile Phones: the Privacy and Regulatory Issues 
Healthcare 26
GeoFencing 26
B.5 Gaming/Education 27
Interactive Gaming. 27
GeoCaching 28
B.6 Enterprise 28
Fleet Management/ Asset Monitoring 28
Personnel Productivity . 29
Customer Service 30
Lone worker protection 30
B.7 Navigation 31
City Guides . 31
Mobile Yellow Pages 31
Turn-by-turn navigation 32
Traffic reroute . 32
B.8 Social networking 33
Buddy Groups. 33
Dating . 33
Geo-tagging and blogging 35
B.9 Commerce 35
Mobile Coupons 35
Location Based Billing 36
B.10 Government 36
Homeland Security 37
Military 37
B.11 Summary 38
C. MANAGING LOCATION PRIVACY 39
C.1 Legal and regulatory approaches 39
International regulation – OECD 39
EU directives. 40
Extract From the Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulation 2003 EC Directive. 42
GPS Mobile Phones: the Privacy and Regulatory Issues
National legislation and regulation . 43
China. 43
Japan 44
UK. 44
US. 45
C.2 National industry self-regulation 47
China. 47
Japan 47
UK. 47
Child location services 48
Adult/friend location services 49
Mobile games supported by location services 49
Corporate location services 50
Summary. 50
US. 50
CTIA Location Privacy Principles . 50
C.3 Techniques for managing location privacy 52
Consent 52
Anonymization . 53
Spatial cloaking. 53
Temporal cloaking. 54
Location perturbation . 54
Pseudonyms . 54
Information-minimizing. 55
User privacy profiles 55
D. RECOMMENDATIONS . 56
D.1 Regulation and self-regulation 56
Technology neutrality. 56
Avoid piecemeal regulation 56
Emergency calling. 57
Codes of practice 57
GPS Mobile Phones: the Privacy and Regulatory Issues
Passive services 57
D.2 Service Design 58
Privacy by design 58
Users in control. 58
User interfaces 58
User education 58
Moderate UGC 59
E. MARKET FORECASTS 60
E.1 Forecasts for GPS phone volumes 60
E.2 Forecasts for selected location-enabled applications 62

For full details, please email keithw@cmsinfo.com

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